bar-symbol

Bar Symbol

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Bar Symbol refers to the vertical bar and horizontal bar.

Vertical Bar

Vertical Bar is used in mathematics, computing, and typography. It has several names, often associated with particular meanings: Schaefer stroke (in logic), pipe, vibar, stick, vertical line, bar, and verti-bar. The vertical bar is “|“.

The vertical bar “|” is used as a Mathematical Symbol

|x|Absolute Value
|S|Cardinality
P(X|Y)Conditional Probability
|A|Determinant
P|abDistance

The double vertical bar “||” is used as a Mathematical Symbol

AB || CDParallelism
||x||Norm

The vertical bar “|” is used as a Physics Symbol

|Ψ⟩the quantum physical state Ψ
⟨Ψ|the dual state corresponding to the state
⟨Ψ|ρ⟩the inner product of states Ψ and ρ
chart-of-vertical-and-horizontal-bar

Horizontal Bar

Horizontal Bar uses in mathematics. A bar is a horizontal line written over a mathematical symbol that gives it some special meaning. It is also called an overbar. The icon of the horizontal bar is “_“. If the bar is placed above a single symbol, x̄, it is called a macron. The x-bar symbol is used in statistics to represent the sample mean of a distribution. If placed on multiple symbols, it is known as a vinculum.

Common uses of the bar symbol include the following:

  • The mean
    x^=1/nsum(i=1)^nx_i
    of a set {x_i}_(i=1)^n.
  • The complex conjugate
    z^_=x-iy
    for z=x+iy.
  • The complement F^_ of a set F.

Steps to type Horizontal Bar icon “―”from a keyboard

  • Hold down the left Alt Key from your keyboard.
  • Type the Alt code number 8213 and release the Alt key.
  • Once you release the Alt key, the ― symbol will display.

Process to add Horizontal Bar in HTML

To add the ― Horizontal Bar in HTML, you can use an HTML entity, an HTML code(decimal), and a Hex code. Use code 8213 and x2015 with &# for shortcode to add ― Horizontal Bar in HTML.

Process to add Horizontal Bar in CSS

To add the ― Horizontal Bar in CSS, you can use a CSS entity. Use shortcode ‘\2015’ to add ― Horizontal Bar in CSS and also add content: before or: after an element.

CSS Code Example-1: 

// CSS entity code example
.addSymbol:after {
  content: ' \2015';
}
// The HTML
<div class="addSymbol">Horizontal Bar</div>

Output: Horizontal Bar ―

CSS Code Example-2: 

// CSS entity code example
.addSymbol:before {
  content: ' \2015';
}
// The HTML
<div class="addSymbol">Horizontal Bar</div>

Output: ― Horizontal Bar

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