Bar Symbol

Bar Symbol refers to the vertical bar and horizontal bar.

Vertical Bar

Vertical Bar is used in mathematics, computing, and typography. It has several names, often associated with particular meanings: Schaefer stroke (in logic), pipe, vibar, stick, vertical line, bar, and verti-bar. The vertical bar is “|“.

The vertical bar “|” is used as a Mathematical Symbol

|x|	Absolute Value
|S|	Cardinality
P(X|Y)	Conditional Probability
|A|	Determinant
P|ab	Distance

The double vertical bar “||” is used as a Mathematical Symbol

AB || CD	Parallelism
||x||	Norm

The vertical bar “|” is used as a Physics Symbol

|Ψ⟩	the quantum physical state Ψ
⟨Ψ|	the dual state corresponding to the state
⟨Ψ|ρ⟩	the inner product of states Ψ and ρ

Horizontal Bar

Horizontal Bar uses in mathematics. A bar is a horizontal line written over a mathematical symbol that gives it some special meaning. It is also called an overbar. The icon of the horizontal bar is “_“. If the bar is placed above a single symbol, x̄, it is called a macron. The x-bar symbol is used in statistics to represent the sample mean of a distribution. If placed on multiple symbols, it is known as a vinculum.

Common uses of the bar symbol include the following:

• The mean
  x^=1/nsum(i=1)^nx_i
  of a set {x_i}_(i=1)^n.

• The complex conjugate
  z^_=x-iy
  for z=x+iy.

• The complement F^_ of a set F.

Steps to type Horizontal Bar icon “―”from a keyboard

• Hold down the left Alt Key from your keyboard.
• Type the Alt code number 8213 and release the Alt key.
• Once you release the Alt key, the ― symbol will display.

Process to add Horizontal Bar in HTML

To add the ― Horizontal Bar in HTML, you can use an HTML entity, an HTML code(decimal), and a Hex code. Use code 8213 and x2015 with &# for shortcode to add ― Horizontal Bar in HTML.

Process to add Horizontal Bar in CSS

To add the ― Horizontal Bar in CSS, you can use a CSS entity. Use shortcode ‘\2015’ to add ― Horizontal Bar in CSS and also add content: before or: after an element.

CSS Code Example-1:

// CSS entity code example
.addSymbol:after {
  content: ' \2015';
}
// The HTML
<div class="addSymbol">Horizontal Bar</div>

Output: Horizontal Bar ―

CSS Code Example-2:

// CSS entity code example
.addSymbol:before {
  content: ' \2015';
}
// The HTML
<div class="addSymbol">Horizontal Bar</div>

Output: ― Horizontal Bar

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